EXISTENTIALISM

Existentialism is a 20th-century philosophical movement emphasising individual existence, freedom, choice, and subjective experience.

Roots in Kierkegaard. Post-WWII France saw existentialism flourish through Sartre, Camus, de Beauvoir.

Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, Heidegger, Sartre, Simone de Beauvoir, Camus.

Existence precedes essence. Radical freedom. Anxiety. Authenticity versus bad faith. Being-toward-death. Absurdity.

Shaped post-war European thought. Influenced existential psychotherapy. Remains relevant to questions of identity and purpose.