FEMINISM

Feminism advocates gender equality, analyzing and challenging patriarchy, sexism, and gender oppression.

First wave: suffrage. Second wave: 1960s-1980s. Third wave: 1990s, intersectionality. Fourth wave: contemporary, intersectional feminism.

Mary Wollstonecraft, Simone de Beauvoir, Betty Friedan, bell hooks, Judith Butler, Martha Nussbaum.

Gender equality. Patriarchy analysis. Sex versus gender. Intersectionality. Standpoint epistemology. Ethics of care. Gender performativity.

Transformed philosophy, politics, society. Women’s rights achieved. Shaped gender studies. Ethics of care challenged traditional ethics.