6th century BCE-present
Samkhya is a Hindu school presenting dualistic metaphysics distinguishing consciousness (purusha) from matter/nature (prakriti).
Traditional founding attributed to Kapila. Systematized in Samkhya Karika by Ishvarakrishna (c. 350-450 CE).
Kapila, Ishvarakrishna, Vachaspati Mishra.
Dualism of purusha and prakriti. Twenty-five tattvas. Three gunas. Liberation through discriminative knowledge.
Provided metaphysical foundation for Yoga. Influenced Hindu thought. Relevant to philosophy of mind.
